For The Energy and Resources Institute
By Jigyasa Jyotika
_________________________________________________
'...Nargis didi pahle yun na thi. Parde mein ghar se bahar kadam uthane se hichkichati… samay uske liye mano tham sa gaya tha…’
Today, Nargis ‘di’ not only ventures out of her home in the remote village of Vade Logayein in Bihar’s Bhagalpur district, to both conduct and participate in a self-help village group, she holds her head high and keeps meticulous accounts of the solar lantern lending business that has taken over the lives of Vade Logayein’s populace. She hasn’t heard of the contentious women’s bill that may make it to the Indian Parliament some day, but Nargis di has come to know what it feels like to be empowered.
Silhouetted against the still darkness of the village nights, the lanterns, distributed under TERI’s Lighting a Billion Lives (LaBL) scheme have brought more than just ‘sunshine’ to the slum nights. The solar lanterns under the initiative, lend themselves rather uniquely to catalyzing a chain of socio-economic and cultural changes, because of the ‘sustainable’ in their design, especially among the women. Ushering in unprecedented self-reliance for the villagers’ energy needs, the sustainable and clean technology also fosters a host of associated benefits – female entrepreneurship, education, livelihood generation, safety and healthy, smoke-choke free lifestyles.
Renowned for their weaving of some of the finest silk fabric in the world, Bhagalpur’s mostly women rural artists, while dutifully carrying the legacy of the age-old weaving tradition forward, ironically, are forced to weave in the dark with all the finesse the task requires.
‘Bunai shaam ko nahi hota, usmein najuk najaria jo chahiye’, ’ (You can't weave at night..it's an intricate task) says Sahbajoo Jee, the weaver and entrepreneur who is in charge of TERI’s Vade Logayein solar charging and lending station. Sahbajoo’s journey from her veil to managing the station, for which she received training in repairing and troubleshooting problems from TERI personnel, was a long one. Along with Nargis and other village women, Sahbajoo had no clue of what was going on when talk of setting up the charging station initially took place between TERI, its implementation partner NGOs and the Vade Logayein men-folk.
‘Gaon ke marad baitha karte the..kuch samajh mein nahi aata tha..hum log ko kuch nahi batate kya baat hua…Humko to baat ka bhanak hi nahi laga’, ’ says Nargis. (It was the men-folk that discussed things..we hardly had a clue about what they spoke of..we wouldn't have imagined they were talking about this.)
Persistent coaxing by NGO personnel slowly brought the veils down and a women’s self-help group formed where discussions of village issues started taking place. As the group evolved, somewhere, the will to make a difference grew. The women learned to read and write and take charge of the station from keeping accounts to calling TERI directly for technical assistance. It is through them that the lanterns have found their way into the center of village life. From providing longer weaving hours that earn as much as double the income in some cases, cooking without being choked by kerosene lantern smoke and fire hazards, driving away snakes, bichhoos (scorpions) from home, wild elephants from the fields and crocodiles from rivers in some cases to lighting up marriages and other festivals, the sustainable solar lantern is everywhere. But the single biggest beneficiary of the lantern is the student.
‘It was my exam last month. I got up to study at 4 in the morning. The lantern makes it easy to study for longer time and with better concentration,’ says a student’
Having evolved a womens’ social upliftment club (called the MEENA club) that aims to help women attain equality via assignment of social responsibility at several of their sponsored villages under the LabL scheme, some NGO groups have identified early that social responsibility like the lantern lending business is one of the best ways to attain equality.
Vade Logayein’s women, like those of many others, live in abject financial and social poverty, but together with their plight, their pre-lantern avatars are fast morphing into ones with new pride, confidence and conviction.
‘Inse toh hamari posison badal gayi hai,’,' (This changes our position [in society]') says Ayesha Begum, a resident of Sahsoul village in Bihar.
With the unique appellation of Jesus Gopal, the (male) LabL entrepreneur of Sahsoul prophetically says ‘Yeh toh sab jagah kranti le ayegi.’ ’ (This'll bring about a revolution all round)
In other villages like Dhulkot, the revolution is already visible. Eight babies were delivered at home under solar lantern lighting by families that took the lanterns home for use by a mid-wife who would otherwise have performed the operations in the dark, or worse, would not have gone to the assistance of the families for lack of lighting on the way.
In the Hasanpura and Dahinala villages, 41 babies were delivered from across 18 villages using solar lanterns at a Primary Health Center (PHC) that has frequent power cuts. Parvati, a PHC nurse who assisted the deliveries and rents upto 4 lanterns at a time says, ‘Jeevan mein ujala hi sab kuch hai.’ (Light is the mainstay of life)
That some of the villagers have really taken to the lanterns is visible in business initiatives. Rohitashwari Devi from Rajasthan’s Chotakankrana village, where women do not take part in decision making normally, is her own B-school. She enjoys a significant clientele and has developed a sense for how to safeguard the lanterns she lends out. Under her regime, users have to shell out the entire cost of a lantern if it is broken or dysfunctional. With the doubling of her income after the lantern business came along, Rohitashwari Devi now makes 5000 rupees a month from the 2000 she made before and uses that to fuel her daughter’s education. She is the force behind her daughter’s stellar performance at school and her aspirations to be the first in the family to gain admission to a college.
The responsibilities that the new-found women entrepreneurs of these villages have taken up are kabil-e-tarif, as much as the solar lantern is ‘kabil-e-tariff’.
The humble lantern may have gone a long way, yet, the road is longer and meandering. Especially for the millions that still suffocate silently.
Given its potential, solar energy could well sustain the entire Indian economy solely, if only we put our soul into it.

